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Edinburgh Castle
Edinburgh Castle, towering atop Castle Rock, has served Scotland for centuries, at one time or another acting as a fortress, royal residence, seat of government, armoury, and prison. The scene of countless sieges, royal births and deaths...

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Establishment of the French Academy and Paris Observatory
A 17th-century painting by Henri Testelin titled Establishment of the French Academy of Sciences and of Paris Observatory. Louis XIV of France (r. 1643-1715) is shown being presented the founding members of the Academy and Observatory (shown...

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Plato's Academy Mosaic
Plato's Academy, Roman mosaic from Pompeii, 1st century BCE.
Museo Nazionale Archologico, Naples.

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The Inauguration of the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg
The inauguration of the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg in 1757. Oil on canvas by Valery Jacobi, 1889.

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The Florentine Academy by Baccio Bandinelli
The Florentine Academy by the Italian Renaissance artist Baccio Bandinelli.

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Plan of Edinburgh Castle
A plan of the buildings and layout of Edinburgh Castle, Scotland. Although occupied since the Bronze Age and site of a medieval castle from the 11th century, most of the structures today date from around 1500 with additions and modifications...

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Edinburgh Castle Panorama
A panoramic view of Edinburgh Castle, Scotland. 16-19th century.

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Chapel of Saint Margaret of Scotland, Edinburgh
The Chapel of Saint Margaret of Scotland in Edinburgh Castle. Queen Margaret (c. 1046-1093 CE) was the wife of Malcolm III of Scotland (r. 1058-1093 CE) from 1070 CE to 1093 CE.

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Half Moon Battery, Edinburgh Castle
The Half Moon Battery of Edinburgh Castle, Scotland. 16-17th century.

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John Knox House, Edinburgh, Scotland
John Knox House, High Street, Edinburgh, Scotland. Allegedly, the house in which Scottish reformer John Knox spent his last years and died.