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Nippur
Image by David Stanley

Nippur

Ruins of the Temple of Enlil at Nippur.
Poor Man of Nippur
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Poor Man of Nippur

The Poor Man of Nippur (c. 701 BCE) is a Babylonian poem on the themes of the obligations of hospitality and revenge for an undeserved injury. A poor man of the city of Nippur feels mistreated when he visits the mayor and then goes to great...
Enki's Journey to Nippur
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Enki's Journey to Nippur

Enki's Journey to Nippur (c. 2000 BCE) is a Sumerian origin myth explaining the creation of the temple at Eridu by the god Enki and how musical instruments were ordained for use in festivals in ancient Mesopotamia. The poem formed part of...
Shulgi and Ninlil's Barge
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Shulgi and Ninlil's Barge

Shulgi and Ninlil's Barge is a Sumerian poem dated to the reign of Shulgi of Ur (2029-1982 BCE) celebrating the caulking of the barge of the goddess Ninlil, consort of the sky god Enlil, and the banquet held in the couple's honor by Shulgi...
Enlil
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Enlil

Enlil (also known as Ellil and Nunamnir) was the Sumerian god of the air in the Mesopotamian Pantheon but was more powerful than any other elemental deities and eventually was worshiped as King of the Gods. He is featured in a number of important...
Mesopotamian Education
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Mesopotamian Education

Mesopotamian education was invented by the Sumerians following the creation of writing c. 3500 BCE. The earliest schools were attached to temples but later established in separate buildings in which the scribes of ancient Mesopotamia learned...
Babylonian Clay Map from Nippur
Image by Mary Harrsch

Babylonian Clay Map from Nippur

A Babylonian cuneiform tablet with a map of the fields, towns and palaces around Nippur. Kassite Period, 1550-1450 BCE. Nippur, Iraq.
Enlil in the E-kur
Article by Joshua J. Mark

Enlil in the E-kur

Enlil in the E-Kur (c. 2000 BCE) is a Sumerian hymn praising the sky god Enlil, his temple/ziggurat at Nippur, and his consort Ninlil, depicting all three in glowing terms and Enlil as a creator-god. The piece is highly regarded as an important...
Clay Figurine of a Naked Woman from Nippur
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Clay Figurine of a Naked Woman from Nippur

Clay figurine of a naked woman. She puts her hands on her breasts. Probably votive. From Nippur, Iraq. Isin-Larsa Period, 2000-1800 BCE. (The Sulaymaniyah Museum, Iraq).
Glazed Sarcophagi from Nippur
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Glazed Sarcophagi from Nippur

The smaller sarcophagus on the left belonged to a child. Baked clay and glazed. Parthian, 1st century BCE to 1st century CE. From Nippur, Southern Mesopotamia, in modern-day Iraq. (Museum of Archaeology, Istanbul, Turkey).
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